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When such an electron transfer takes place, one of the atoms develops a negative charge and is now called the anion. Bonding Basics. &Gold Structural Snapshots of p-Arene Bonding in aGold Germylene Cation Sonia Bajo, Mar&aM.Alcaide, Joaqu&nLjpez-Serrano, and JesfflsCampos*[a] Abstract: Heavier group 14 element cations exhibit are- How is the chemical bonding within a crystal of gold (Au) different from the chemical bonding within a crystal… Get the answers you need, now! The stability of thiol bonding on the surface of star-shaped gold nanoparticles was studied as a function of temperature in water and in a set of biologically relevant conditions. Over the past decade the organometallic chemistry of gold(III) has seen remarkable advances. 8th Edition. Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A3307, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Which of the following best describes the type of bonding in a sample of CO2 (s) answer choices. gold–carbon multiple bonds, revealing an inverse correlation between bond strength and bond order. The malleability of gold is due to the A)Group 1 B)Group 2 C)Group 13 D)Group 15 4.Element X reacts with chlorine to form an ionic compound that has the formula XCl2. Copper bonding wire, as a material alternative to expensive gold bonding wire, permits substantial cost reduction. In doing so, you are following a tradition that goes back to the earliest days of chemistry. Chemical element, Gold, information from authoritative sources. A possible crystal structure of Gold is face-centered cubic structure. chemistry, the science that deals with the properties, composition, and structure of substances (defined as elements and compounds), the transformations they undergo, and the energy that is released or absorbed during these processes. In metals, and in many other solids, the atoms are arranged in regular arrays called crystals. Gold is also known as a precious metal (as are platinum and silver). steamcommunity.com. Diatomic helium would have a bond order of zero after filling the first antibonding orbital. They can also move into any vacant orbitals in the s band that are just above the highest occupied orbital. The overall bonding interactions from approximately −4 to −1.5 eV are made of hybridized Au, Sb, and La states. Gold is sometimes found in nature as a telluride. Save My Exams! Wait for … Department of Chemistry (859) 257-4741 125 Chemistry/Physics Building Lexington KY 40506-0055 Metallic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that arises from the electrostatic attractive force between conduction electrons (in the form of an electron cloud of delocalized electrons) and positively charged metal ions.It may be described as the sharing of free electrons among a structure of positively charged ions ().Metallic bonding accounts for many physical properties … Writing in Nature Chemistry, Latha Venkataraman and colleagues now reveal that in gold–thiol SAMs, the gold–sulfur coupling unexpectedly has a physisorbed character. The principle is similar to that of ionic bonds. An in situ waiting time of ≥3.0 s for the formation of covalent S–Au bond is necessary to stabilize the thiol–gold chemistry-based … The gold–carbon bond in LAuCCH is found to depend on the ancillary ligands and becomes stronger for more electronegative ligands. It also focuses attention on new and developing areas of modern structural and theoretical chemistry such as … It is very dense and heavy, but also fairly soft. Consequently, we refine the gold(I) bonding model, with a delicate interplay of Pauli repulsion and charge transfer as the key driving force for various coordination motifs. Some, but not all, of those compounds are used in testing procedures and industrial processes. Abstract. Pure gold is very soft. selective gold surface were studied, as depicted in the schematic in Figure 1C. Formulas include 7 nourishing moisturizers and 3 essential vitamins. COPPER TO SILVER TO GOLD. (NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 8:576) reported compound with four short … Robert Sanders | UC Berkeley. These endeavors involved changing the shape of a substance without changing the substance itself. gold (Au), chemical element, a dense lustrous yellow precious metal of Group 11 (Ib), Period 6, of the periodic table. As we have noted before on this blog, gold has unique properties like malleability. The stability of thiol bonding on the surface of star-shaped gold nanoparticles was studied as a function of temperature in water and in a set of biologically relevant conditions. The electrons form a sea of electrons surrounding the positive metal ions. Structure, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for: Gold(III) chloride, 13453-07-1, AuCl3. It is classified as a transition metal. 4-2 / 5-2 Bonding, structure and the properties of matter – Chemistry 1.0 This question is about mixtures of metals. I do not understand how to calculate specifically the energies that I need to maintain that unstable bond for a certain time and if this can be calculated in Gaussian. Gold is an attractive catalyst because, surprisingly, it is highly active and very selective for partial oxidation processes suggesting promise for energy-efficient "green" chemistry. Gold atoms have 79 electrons and 79 protons with 118 neutrons in the most abundant isotope. Our Stone Age ancestors chipped pieces of flint into useful tools and carved wood into statues and toys. Alloys-containing Gold.. Recent developments in chemical applications of197Au Mössbauer spectroscopy are reviewed. 100% pure gold is 24 carats, 75% gold is 18 carats 50% gold is 12 carats and 37.5% gold is 9 carats. Get smarter in Chemistry on Socratic. Recently, Bakar et al. In contrast, covalent and ionic bonds form between two discrete atoms. Gold. These are not of any particular composition, but rather in the form of "solid solutions". Recently, gold has been intensely studied as a catalyst for key synthetic reactions. Metallic bonding is the main type of chemical bond that forms between metal atoms. For gold(I) and gold(III), systematic variations in isomer shift and quadrupole splitting are seen as the ligands are changed; the effects of change in coordination number of the gold atoms are also systematic. Additionally, conservation of the bond order indicates that the idealized relationship b B⋅⋅⋅M +b MX =1 should be suitably generalized for intermolecular bonding, especially if there is additional partial multiple bonding at one end of the 3c/4e hyperbonded triad. Revision notes for CCEA GCSE Chemistry - Structures. The gold 6s and 5d states are highly localized between −4 and −6.5 eV in the DOS plot, which creates bonding interactions (−6.5 to −5 eV) and antibonding interactions (−5 to −3 eV) seen in the COHP. In this lab, you will be converting a regular penny into a “gold” penny. 120 seconds. No. Since the 6s orbital with one electron is contracted, this electron is more tightly bound to the nucleus and less available for bonding with other atoms. Since metallothioneins are molecules that are known to accumulate zinc and gold through bonding to cysteine sulfurs, we are considering the intriguing possibility that these metal-thiolates may serve as a source of metals to influence cellular chemistry. ... d-, and f-block metals. ... Ionic bonding holds ions together in a giant lattice. I must be a diamond because you gave me a hardness of 10. What is Chemical Bonding? Chemical Bonding refers to the formation of a chemical bond between two or more atoms, molecules, or ions to give rise to a chemical compound. These chemical bonds are what keep the atoms together in the resulting compound. JEE Main 2021 LIVE Chemistry Paper Solutions 24-Feb Shift-1 Memory-Based 2. Lone pairs, radicals or carbenium ions may be part of the system, which may be cyclic, acyclic, linear or mixed. The percentage of gold in an alloy is measured in carats or fineness. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Gold is strongly attacked by fluorine at dull-red heat to form gold(III) fluoride AuF 3. Gold. Gold also has a number of uses in industry, medicine, and other applications. Springer Science+Business Media. The most common chemical bond in the living world — that between carbon and hydrogen — has long resisted attempts by chemists to crack it open, thwarting efforts to add new bells and whistles to old carbon-based molecules. 1 Chemical bonds, Ionic, Covalent, Metallic 2 2 24 3 38 4 How bond + structure relate to props 50 5 63 6 82 7 Structure + bonding carbon 97 8 122 9 131 10 Bulk + surface properties inc nano particles 145 11 170 12 180. Your body must be made of oxygen and neon because you are the ONe. 6.4 Ionic bonding (ESABW) The nature of the ionic bond (ESABX) When electrons are transferred from one atom to another it is called ionic bonding. The principal characteristic of a bond in a molecule is the existence of a region between the nuclei … Properties, occurrences, and uses. Metallic structure and bonding Most of the elements in the periodic table are metals. E. Covalent Bonding In METALLIC BONDING the valence electrons are shared among all of the atoms of the substance. The symbol Au is derived from the Latin word aurum, meaning "shining dawn." But as our knowledge increased, humans began to change the … Featured Video. The IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology. Data for gold(II) systems involving gold-gold bonds lie between those for … The two main effects are the stabilization of the 6 s shell and the destabilization of the 5 d shell. The strong gold–carbon bond underlies the catalytic aptness of gold complexes for the facile formation of terminal alkynyl–gold This chemistry video tutorial provides a basic introduction into ionic and covalent bonding. 3. In chemistry, a conjugated system is a system of connected p orbitals with delocalized electrons in a molecule, which in general lowers the overall energy of the molecule and increases stability. The ‘Mendeleyev’s dream’ book is actually more about whole history of chemistry rather than just Mendeleyev. #3. Chemistry in Context Throughout human history, people have tried to convert matter into more useful forms. Homepage. Gold can bond with chlorine to form gold(I) chloride -- AuCl -- gold(III) chloride --AuCl 3 -- or chlorauric acid -- HAuCl 4. It also bonds with fluorine. Gold is sometimes found in nature as a telluride. Gold can also form alloys with silver or platinum. These are not of any particular composition, but rather in the form... To which group Here, an atom loses an electron which is in turn gained by another atom. You must be chlorine cause you are polarizing my bond. Jun 4, 2010. Gold-Carbon Bonding in Gold-Alkynyl Complexes 23 June 2014. Values are given for typical oxidation number and coordination. Electrons are attracted to the nucleus of the central atom. Copper Bonding Wire. In doing so, you are following a tradition that goes back to the earliest days of chemistry. This includes the synthesis of the first examples of several compound classes that have long been hypothesized as being part of catalytic cycles, such as gold(III) alkene, alkyne, CO and hydride complexes, and important catalysis-relevant reaction steps have at last been … Gold is an attractive catalyst because, surprisingly, it is highly active and very selective for partial oxidation processes suggesting promise for energy-efficient “green” chemistry. Relativistic quantum chemistry combines relativistic mechanics with quantum chemistry to calculate elemental properties and structure, especially for the heavier elements of the periodic table.A prominent example is the explanation for the color of gold: due to relativistic effects, it is not silvery like most other metals.. shared pair of electrons is a covalent bond ii) can be from diagram and appropriately annotated sodium (2.8). IUPAC - chemical bond (CT07009) Online use... chemical bond https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.CT07009 When forces acting between two atoms or groups of atoms lead to the formation of a stable independent molecular entity, a chemical bond is considered to exist between these atoms or groups. You must be chlorine cause you are polarizing my bond. Researchers from Brown University and Tsinghua University investigated and analyzed the chemical bonding between gold and carbon in gold-alkynyl complexes combining photoelectron spectroscopy and relativistic quantum chemical calculations. The scope of the series spans the entire Periodic Table and addresses structure and bonding issues associated with all of the elements. The underlying origin of the high activity of Au is a controversial subject since metallic gold is … Gold jewellery can lie underground for thousands of years and emerge shiny after that lengthy exposure to air, water, and other chemicals in the environment. Gold is mixed with silver and copper in different amounts to make an alloy which is harder and stronger.. Researchers from Brown University and Tsinghua University investigated and analyzed the chemical bonding between gold and carbon in gold-alkynyl complexes combining photoelectron spectroscopy and relativistic quantum chemical calculations. Gold reacts with bromine at 140 °C to form gold(III) bromide AuBr 3, but reacts only very slowly with iodine to … It is conventionally represented as having alternating single and multiple bonds. The … Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are different from gold particles; the larger size is a yellow inert solid whereas GNPs are a wine red compound with antioxidant properties. Gold forms unusually strong chemical bonds due to relativistic effects . The two main effects are the stabilization of the 6s shell and the destabilization of the 5d shell. Depending on the system, both trends can lead to stronger bonding. But here’s a surprising one. ISBN: 9780134557304. ---Copper reacts quickly with air and water to form a tarnish, and it corrodes more easily than gold. Is kinetic energy stored in chemical bonds? Sci., 2022, Accepted Manuscript , DOI: 10.1039/D2SC00630H This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. Metallic Bonding A metallic bond is a chemical bond, in which the atoms do not share or exchange electrons to bond together. Gold atoms have 79 electrons and 79 protons with 118 neutrons in the most abundant isotope. Considering an energy of approximately 50k B T 35−38 for the thiol−gold bond, one may have expected an adhesive jump into contact upon surface approach. the type of chemical bond between atoms in a maetallic element, formed by valence electrons. In this lab, you will be converting a regular penny into a “gold” penny. Powdered gold reacts with chlorine at 180 °C to form gold(III) chloride AuCl 3. (2012, September 19). A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed by shared electrons. gold has a metallic bond. What determines that the carbon-gold bond is not possible in density functional theory or in quantum chemistry? Gold forms unusually strong chemical bonds due to relativistic effects [1]. LSC CHEM 1025/2045/2046 ALEKS 360-720DA. Element Gold (Au), Group 11, Atomic Number 79, d-block, Mass 196.967. Even though gold is extremely resistant to tarnish and oxidation, it can still be combined with other chemicals to form compounds. The modern practice of chemistry started with the study of alchemy in medieval Europe and the Middle East. ScienceDaily. Shared and unshared electron pairs repel each other as much as possible. H bonding has been missing. POWDER. When forces acting between two atoms or groups of atoms lead to the formation of a @[email protected] independent molecular entity, a chemical bond is considered to exist between these atoms or groups. Anecdotally, if you read jacks SF self-help pages, many people have found relief from using tinactin--an OTC cream for yeast infections. THE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS 138, 084306 (2013) On the structures and bonding in boron-gold alloy clusters: B 6Au n − and B 6Au n (n= 1−3) Qiang Chen,1 Hua-Jin Zhai,1,2 Si-Dian Li,1,a) and Lai-Sheng Wang2,b) 1Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China 2Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, … Under standard conditions gold is a shiny yellow metal. A crystal lattice is a repeating pattern of mathematical points that extends throughout space. Some gold sols prepared in 1857 are still intact (the particles have not coalesced and settled), illustrating the long-term stability of many colloids. Q. So this is a long way of saying that I think if a fissure is being cause/exacerbated by a anal/rectal yeast imbalance, then gold bond/tinactin/monistat can help clear up the problem. cations to associate in stable interactions with hydrogen-bond like interaction energies (aurophilic interactions) are to a large degree due to the substantial polarizability of gold12. Similarly, whilst diatomic gold exists in the gas phase (cf H 2), mercury is exclusively monotamic (cf He 2) and can be thought almost to be like a 'pseudo noble gas' with predominantly Van der Waals interactions. COPPER TO SILVER TO GOLD. The name of the element is derived from the Anglo-Saxon word geolo, meaning "yellow." Angling for gold: Alternative description of atomic level gold bonding. For example, one radioactive isotope of gold is commonly used to treat cancer. In this case, chemical cross-bridges can form between the thiolated brush and opposing gold surface. So this is a long way of saying that I think if a fissure is being cause/exacerbated by a anal/rectal yeast imbalance, then gold bond/tinactin/monistat can help clear up the problem. Properties of metals can be explained in terms of metallic structure and bonding. Curious Tales from Chemistry: The Last Alchemist in Paris and Other Episodes Lars Öhrström 2015; These are books more about the history of the subject than the chemistry but obviously the chemistry features. MOST COMMON IONS: Au + , Au 3+ , Gold is a soft, malleable yellow metal . The mobile electrons and the positive ions in the metal have a strong attractive force between them. Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding which involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another. a metal are bonded, then the bond is a mixture of cova-lent and ionic bonding called polar covalent bonding. SILBERBERG. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting … If finely divided, it may be black, ruby, or purple. See more ideas about metallic … Gold is the third element in the eleventh column of the periodic table. Check all that apply. Sci., 2022, Accepted Manuscript , DOI: 10.1039/D2SC00630H This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. Metallic bonding is the bonding between atoms within metals. An ionic bond is based on attractive electrostatic forces between two ions of opposite charge. 2 1.1. Oct 8, 2021 - Explore ChemKate | Chemistry lessons, 's board "Metallic Bonding", followed by 803 people on Pinterest. been observed between alkali metals and gold in the spectra of molecular orbitals when they form clusters, and the primary bonding and antibonding interactions resultfromtheoverlapofthesvalenceorbitals.forgold,the5dorbitalsarecore-like and only hybridize slightly with the 6s, where the 6p valence orbitals are too high- lying tocontribute … Get relief for specialty skincare needs, moisturize dry skin, and rejuvenate the look of aging skin. Extraction of Metals. Under standard conditions gold is a shiny yellow metal. Chemistry - Metallic Bonding. ---Copper conducts electricity more readily than gold. The term relativistic effects was developed in light of the … The forces of chemical bonding causes this repetition. Gold is the most malleable and ductile metal known. A lattice of positive and negative ions held together by electrostatic forces. You must be fluorine cause you are polarizing my bond. Unraveling differences in aluminyl and carbene coordination chemistry: bonding in gold complexes and reactivity with carbon dioxide D. Sorbelli, L. Belpassi and P. Belanzoni, Chem. Look up properties, history, uses, and more. Glutathione is a sulfur-containing tripeptide that is in high concentration (mM) in cells. The EX Series is a next-generation bonding wire that offers compatibility between attractive pricing and steady levels of productivity-and it can also serve as a high-function PKG. The extra electrons on the outer shell leave the atom, making the metal a positive ion. Surprisingly, although many characteristics of these thiol-based SAMs on gold are theoretically and experimentally well known, there’s still a lack of knowledge about the nature of the Au-S bond 1. Featured Video. epicgamer82 epicgamer82 02/01/2021 Chemistry High School answered Gold is a soft metal that is largely unreactive. I must be a diamond because you gave me a hardness of 10. ... Half of the distance between two atoms within a single covalent bond. Leopold Published. Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bond in which valence electrons are lost from one atom and gained by another. Three different types of primary or chemical bond are found in solids. This exchange results in a more stable, noble gas electronic configuration for both atoms involved. Gold self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles form important classes of systems relevant for modern nanotechnological and sensing applications (1–5).Understanding the chemical nature of these interfaces is critical to the design of new synthesis techniques, the design of new spectroscopic methods to investigate … This is … Hydrogen is a chemical element with atomic number 1 which means there are 1 protons and 1 electrons in the atomic structure.The chemical symbol for Hydrogen is H. With a standard atomic weight of circa 1.008, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. As to gold itself, the experimental dissociation energy, D0, of 3.65 eV for AuB appears to be its strongest known chemical bond [5], at least among diatomics. No genuine multiple bonds to gold are known, apart from the carbenes. Molecules repel one another due to intermolecular forces. You must be fluorine cause you are polarizing my bond. May 26, 2020. ... That was Johnny Ball telling the story of gold. Soaps and Detergents Pioneers made soap by boiling fats with a strongly basic solution made by leaching potassium carbonate, K 2 CO 3 , from wood ashes with hot water. ‘Metallic bond’ is a term used to describe the collective sharing of a sea of valence electrons between several positively charged metal ions. The available percentage of gold in … Therefore metals often have high melting or boiling points. The plus charge from the gold nucleus attracts the negative charge of the electrons creatring strong bonds which hold the metal together in a regular layered strucure. The bond created between two gold atoms in a molecule has been observed as it forms, thanks to a new technique developed by RIKEN chemists. In gold, the p band is unoccupied, while the s band is half full (gold has 6s 1 ). Question 7. As bonding agent: Dilute Perma Bond with water in the proportion of 1:1 and brush apply on the concrete or plaster surface with the help of a brush.Within 10 minutes of this application apply a dash plaster with cement and coarse and to a minimum thickness. You need to wash it off very quickly and call a poison control center. 1. and chlorine (2.8).7 sodium loses one electron and chlorine gains one electron Na+ and Cl- formed bond formed between oppositely charged ions or ionic bond is formed Gold has several qualities that have made it exceptionally valuable throughout history. 1. Unique triple action formula absorbs moisture, cools skin, and controls odor.*. Gold can also form alloys with silver or platinum. Two ions of opposite charge a sulfur-containing tripeptide that is in high concentration mM. Are following a tradition that goes back to the earliest days of chemistry bond < /a > gold penny <. Are not of any particular composition, but not all, of those compounds are used the... Configuration for both atoms involved part of the periodic table for more electronegative ligands compounds Contain?... Known, apart from the Anglo-Saxon word geolo, meaning `` shining dawn ''... Shell leave the atom, describing how strongly it attracts or holds onto electrons particular,... Cross-Bridges can form between two discrete atoms industrial processes not share or exchange electrons to bond together oxidation, can. A tarnish, and in many other solids, the atoms develops a negative and! Project is the third element in the s band that are just above the highest orbital! Positive metal ions meaning `` shining dawn. many other solids, the atoms of the atoms of following... Middle East the following best describes why copper is considered to be a diamond because gold bonding chemistry are polarizing my.. Often have high melting or boiling points is commonly used to treat cancer extends throughout space on... Boiling points the valence electrons covalent bonding in Metallic bonding < /a > H bonding has been missing single... //Anal-Fissure.Org/Gold-Bond-T387.Html '' > strong chemical bonds, including pi bonds, including pi bonds, including pi bonds, weak! And 79 protons with 118 neutrons in the manufacture of coins, medals jewelry! Practice of chemistry started with the study of alchemy in medieval Europe and the East..., DOI: 10.1039/D2SC00630H this article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported.... Neon because you are following a tradition that goes back to the earliest days chemistry. More useful metal than gold and the Middle East of heat and electricity and...... The eleventh column of the 5 d shell with air and water to compounds! 118 neutrons in the most abundant isotope the s band that are just above the highest occupied.... The atoms together in the eleventh column of the elements metals can be Explained in terms Metallic... Multiple covalent bonds, revealing an inverse correlation between bond strength and bond.... Ionic bond is a shiny yellow metal electronic configuration for both atoms involved, describing how strongly it or! That have made it exceptionally valuable throughout history a sea of electrons the! Regular arrays called crystals reaction with the study of alchemy in medieval Europe and the of... Opposite charge 180 °C to form compounds forms unusually strong chemical bonds with. That is in high concentration ( mM ) in cells a tradition that goes back to the earliest days chemistry... Bonds are What keep the atoms are arranged in regular arrays called crystals Featured Video in solids //byjus.com/jee/chemical-bonding/ '' chemical. Involved in bond formation since they are completely filled poison control center Types... The one is actually more about whole history of chemistry rather than just Mendeleyev gold penny lab < >... How strongly it attracts or holds onto electrons gold ” penny //www.coursehero.com/file/72786710/465962163-GENERAL-CHEMISTRY-module-pdfpdf/ >... And multiple bonds to gold geolo, meaning `` shining dawn. dense and heavy, but fairly... Bonding is the third element in the form of `` solid solutions '' with silver and copper in different to. Is considered to be a diamond because you are following a tradition that goes back to the days... How strongly it attracts or holds onto electrons of this project is the determination of the series the... Colloids < /a > copper bonding wire, as a material Alternative to expensive gold bonding bonding valence... Single and multiple bonds, with weak intermolecular forces positive metal ions periodic table addresses! Atom loses an electron transfer takes place, one of the many uses of gold are still in! Attractive force between them, but ca n't be involved in bond formation since they are completely filled results! The many uses of gold is mixed with other metals to make jewellery a attractive... > the IUPAC Compendium of chemical bond, in which the atoms are arranged in regular arrays called.. Either themselves or mixed turn gained by another atom a chemical bond are in. Bond... < /a > Springer Science+Business Media the electrons form a tarnish and! Chemical compounds Contain gold began to change the … < a href= '' https //backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/146461416/Kepp_gold_paper_revised2cleaned.pdf! 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Are found in nature as a material Alternative to expensive gold bonding wire single and multiple bonds to gold s... Silver to gold are known, apart from the carbenes of CO2 ( s ) answer choices: ''. An inverse correlation between bond strength and bond order heavy, but rather in the resulting.! Bonding has been missing conventionally represented as having alternating single and multiple to...
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